Titre du document / Document title

New evidence for neurobehavioral effects of in utero cocaine exposure

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

JACOBSON S. W. ; JACOBSON J. L. ; SOKOL R. J. ; MARTIER S. S. ; CHIODO L. M. ;

Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)

Psychology Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, ETATS-UNIS
Obstetrics/Gynecology Department, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, ETATS-UNIS

Résumé / Abstract

Most studies of prenatal cocaine exposure have found gestational age or intrauterine growth deficits but few, if any, cognitive effects. In a large, well-controlled study we detected cognitive deficits in relation to heavy cocaine exposure. These findings demonstrate that prenatal exposure to cocaine at sufficiently high doses early in pregnancy has the potential to produce cognitive changes in infants and that more focused, narrow-band tests may be necessary to detect these subtle neurobehavioral effects. A total of 464 inner-city, black infants whose mothers were recruited prenatally on the basis of pregnancy alcohol and cocaine use were tested at 6.5, 12, and 13 months of age. Standard analyses, based on presence or absence of cocaine use during pregnancy, confirmed effects on gestational age but failed to detect cognitive effects. A new approach to identifying heavy users found that heavy exposure early in pregnancy was related to faster responsiveness on an infant visual expectancy test but to poorer recognition memory and information processing, deficits consistent with prior human and animal findings. These persistent neurobehavioral effects of heavy prenatal cocaine exposure appear to be direct effects of exposure and independent of effects on gestational age.

Revue / Journal Title

The Journal of pediatrics   ISSN 0022-3476   CODEN JOPDAB 

Source / Source

1996, vol. 129, n^o4, pp. 581-590 (88 ref.)

Langue / Language

Anglais

Editeur / Publisher

Elsevier, New York, NY, ETATS-UNIS  (1932) (Revue)

Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords

Exposure ; Prenatal ; Fetus ; Drug of abuse ; Human ; Toxicity ; In utero ; Cocaine ; Cognitive disorder ; Psychomotor development ; Infant ; Alcoholic beverage ; Memory disorder ;

Mots-clés français / French Keywords

Exposition ; Prénatal ; Foetus ; Substance toxicomanogène ; Homme ; Toxicité ; In utero ; Cocaïne ; Trouble cognition ; Développement psychomoteur ; Nourrisson ; Boisson alcoolisée ; Trouble mémoire ;

Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords

Exposición ; Prenatal ; Feto ; Sustancia toxicomanógena ; Hombre ; Toxicidad ; In útero ; Cocaína ; Trastorno cognitivo ; Desarrollo psicomotor ; Lactante ; Bebida alcohólica ; Trastorno memoria ;

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 2061, 35400006659784.0160