Titre du document / Document title

Benzodiazepines as antidepressants : does GABA play a role in depression ?

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

PETTY F. ; TRIVEDI M. H. ; FULTON M. ; RUSH A. J. ;

Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)

Univ. Texas Southwestern medical cent., veterans affairs medical cent. and dep. psychiatry, Dallas TX, ETATS-UNIS

Résumé / Abstract

Benzodiazepines, the most widely prescribed psychotropic drugs, are often used in patients with depressive disorders, either alone or in combination with standard antidepressants. This review evaluates the efficacy of benzodiazepines (alprazolam, diazepam, chlordiazepoxide) as established in acute-phase, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in major depressive disorder. Metaanalyses using intent-to-treat, as well as adequate treatment exposure samples, revealed an overall efficacy of 47-63% and a drug-placebo difference of 0-27% for all benzodiazepines. Alprazolam, the best studied of the benzodiazepines, had a 27.1% (sd = 6.1%) greater response than placebo, which is comparable to standard antidepressants. Alprazolam, in particular, may be a useful treatment option for patients in whom standard antidepressant medications are contraindicated, poorly tolerated, or possibly ineffective. Alprazolam may have a more rapid onset of action for some patients. Benzodiazepines do not primarily affect biogenic amine uptake or metabolism, although they do augment γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) activity. The antidepressant efficacy of benzodiazepines, which are GABA_A receptor agonists, is consistent with the GABA theory of depression.

Revue / Journal Title

Biological psychiatry   ISSN 0006-3223   CODEN BIPCBF 

Source / Source

1995, vol. 38, n^o9, pp. 578-591 (2 p.1/4)

Langue / Language

Anglais

Editeur / Publisher

Elsevier, New York, NY, ETATS-UNIS  (1969) (Revue)

Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords

Depression ; Mood disorder ; Chemotherapy ; Treatment ; Benzodiazepine derivatives ; Psychotropic ; Treatment efficiency ; GABA ; Neurotransmitter ; Gabaergic receptor A ; Benzodiazepine receptor ; Pathophysiology ; Review ; Metaanalysis ; Human ;

Mots-clés français / French Keywords

Etat dépressif ; Trouble humeur ; Chimiothérapie ; Traitement ; Alprazolam ; Diazépam ; Chlordiazépoxyde ; Benzodiazépine dérivé ; Psychotrope ; Efficacité traitement ; GABA ; Neurotransmetteur ; Récepteur gabaergique A ; Récepteur benzodiazépinique ; Physiopathologie ; Article synthèse ; Métaanalyse ; Homme ;

Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords

Estado depresivo ; Trastorno humor ; Quimioterapia ; Tratamiento ; Benzodiazepina derivado ; Psicotropo ; Eficacia tratamiento ; GABA ; Neurotransmisor ; Receptor gabaminérgico A ; Receptor benzodiazepínico ; Fisiopatología ; Artículo síntesis ; Mataanálisis ; Hombre ;

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 11378, 35400005900098.0030