Titre du document / Document title

Nitrogen oxide flux from an agricultural soil during winter fallow in the upper coastal plain of North Carolina, U.S.A.

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

ANEJA V. P. ⁽¹⁾ ; HOLBROOK B. D. ⁽¹⁾ ; ROBARGE W. P. ⁽²⁾ ;

Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)

⁽¹⁾ Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, ETATS-UNIS
⁽²⁾ Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, ETATS-UNIS

Résumé / Abstract

Incorporation of the remaining crop residue, including the root system, of grain (soybean and corn) and fiber (cotton) crops into the soil following harvest is a common agricultural practice. The crop residue represents a substantial portion of nitrogen initially applied as fertilizer, and thus is a potential source of nitrogen for NO emissions during the winter fallow period. Fluxes of NO and NO₂ were measured from fallow fields from February 7 to March 23, 1994, using a dynamic chamber technique (ambient air as the carrier gas). Average NO flux rates, as a function of previous crop residue, were 9.2 (range -4.2 to 76) ng-N/m².s for soybean, 6.1 (range -11.7 to 110) ng-N/m².s for cotton, and 4.7 (range -0.2 to 40) ng-N/m².s for corn. Maximum NO fluxes were observed in mid-morning when soil temperatures were lowest. Minimum NO flux occurred after mid-afternoon when soil temperature reached a maximum. The decrease in NO flux with increase in soil temperature (5 cm depth) reflected the existence of a NO compensation concentration (i.e., the rate for the NO consumption reactions continued to increase with increase in temperature). NO₂ deposition was calculated for 92% of the data points, with no trend in deposition between the three fields and their corresponding crop residue. These results indicate that significant fluxes of NO are generated from fallow agricultural fields following incorporation of the residue from the previous crop.

Revue / Journal Title

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association   ISSN 1096-2247   CODEN JAWAFC 

Source / Source

1997, vol. 47, n^o7, pp. 800-805 (32 ref.)

Langue / Language

Anglais

Editeur / Publisher

Air & Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA, ETATS-UNIS  (1995) (Revue)

Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords

North Carolina ; Winter ; Air ground interface ; Sandy loam soil ; Gas emission ; Nitric oxide ; Nitrogen dioxide ; Nitrogen fertilizer ; Flux density ; Daily variation ; Ozone ; Air pollution ; Pollutant emission ; United States ; North America ; America ;

Mots-clés français / French Keywords

Caroline du Nord ; Hiver ; Interface air sol ; Sol sableux loameux ; Emission gaz ; Azote monoxyde ; Azote dioxyde ; Engrais azoté ; Densité flux ; Variation journalière ; Ozone ; Pollution air ; Emission polluant ; NO ; NO2 ; Etats Unis ; Amérique du Nord ; Amérique ;

Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords

Carolina del norte ; Invierno ; Interfase aire tierra ; Suelo franco arenoso ; Emisión gas ; Nitrógeno monóxido ; Nitrógeno dióxido ; Fertilizante nitrogenado ; Densidad flujo ; Variación diaria ; Ozono ; Contaminación aire ; Emisión contaminante ; Estados Unidos ; America del norte ; America ;

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 11485, 35400006771175.0080