Titre du document / Document title

Aspecte ale migratiei populatiei din comrumtul satu mare in America de nord (1899-1913) = A few aspects of migration of population from satu mare county to north America (1899-1913)

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

VIRAG Paula ;

Résumé / Abstract

During the end of the XIXth and the beginning of the XXth century, the migration of migration of the population from Transylvania is a social phenomenon which overwhelmed Central and S-E Europe thanks to the social and economic conditions. The phenomenon has very important implications and it determined a large interest even from the beginning of the last century. The made interpretations reflect the conception and the interest of the one who made them, requiring an evaluation. One can think that the problem of emigration constituted, because of its importance upon the social phenomenon from mentioned period, the subject of large historical studies. But the reality is not like it. Although, the emigration has a large bibliography, its themes are unilateral: we have no monograph, or no large historical studies about this phenomenon. Starting with 1899, the local authorities began to inform them selves about the emigrations, publishing that information into a statistic volume. These mentioned dates shows important aspects of the emigration, as the number of emigrants per year and counties, as the direction of emigration, and as the aspects of re-emigration. But the published dates are not exhaustive, because until 1904, this information was collected by the authorities which were charge with drawing out passports. But, unfortunately the information does not contain the number the persons who left without legal forms. Also, it is regrettable that from the statistics, we can not know for sure the profession of all emigrants, because this criterion is not applied very rigorously. Between the tow word wars, the Sociological School from Bucharest, leaded by Dimitrie Gusti, approach the problem of emigration, elaborating some studies. Among these, we stop at Andrei Popovici's study, Americana de origine remână, published in 1937. Living almost 20 years between the Romanian emigrants from United States of America, he succeed to collect dates and information, some of them unpublished, about the aspects of this problem. Although our historians studied the history of Transylvanian parts, the problems of emigration has been remembered in some synthesis. The historical literature doesn't get thoroughly into the problem of emigration from now days Transylvania its population, in differently of nationality. American historical writers succeeded to reproduce the psychological portrait of emigrant from the beginning of the XX th century; that simple peasant, looks ignorant, arrived into a new and strange world, where the things get new symbols, who live new perception, who see the world with the eyes of a lonely, perplex and uncertain man, in contradiction with the reality of his native village. The American authors emphasize the uprooted of the peasant who lived in a direct relation with nature, with his conceptions about life. In this situation, America was not a land continues with native place, and the feeling of lost id growing strong. When we talk about America, we must distinguish if through this name we understand United States of America, Canada, or one of the country from South America, because the Romanians left in a reduced number to Cube, Mexic, Columbia, Brazil, Argentina and Chile. The majority went in United States of America and a reduced number in Canada. In this situation, our straighten attention to that Romanians who left at the beginning of the XXth century, for. North America. The majority, we can say even 98%, was native from Transylvanian, even between among them, there were from Bucovina, Basarabia or Oltenya (other region of Romania). Their emigration started during the last years of the XIXth century. During 1899, 98 Romanians entered in America, but during 15 years, until 1914, their number grew to approximate 135.000. After the First World War, some of them returned to Romania. Only during 1920, over 21.000 persons come back, and during 1921, over 8000. The number of persons who repatriated them selves diminishes to 4000, during 1922, and during next year to 1000.

Revue / Journal Title

Acta Musei Porolissensis   ISSN 1016-2801 

Source / Source

2005, vol. 27, pp. 61-70 [10 page(s) (article)]

Langue / Language

Roumain

Editeur / Publisher

Muzeul Judetean de istorie si arta, Zalau,   (1977) (Revue)

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 25082, 35400013553541.0080