Titre du document / Document title

Compost and manure mediated impacts on soilborne pathogens and soil quality

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

DARBY Heather M. ⁽¹⁾ ; STONE Alexandra G. ⁽²⁾ ; DICK Richard P. ⁽³⁾ ;

Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)

⁽¹⁾ Univ. of Vermont Extension, 278 S. Main St, St. Albans, VT 05478, ETATS-UNIS
⁽²⁾ Dep. of Horticulture, Oregon State Univ., 4017 ALS, Corvallis, OR, 97331, ETATS-UNIS
⁽³⁾ School of Natural Resources, Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH, ETATS-UNIS

Résumé / Abstract

Root rots of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cause economic losses to farmers. This study was conducted to determine whether dairy manure amendments suppressed root diseases and to describe relationships between disease severity and soil characteristics. Field plots were amended with high or low rates of fresh or composted dairy manure solids in 2001 and 2002. Soils were collected at 2 and 12 mo after the first amendment and 2 and 6 mo after the second amendment. Greenhouse bioassays were conducted to assess severity of damping-off (DO) of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and root rots of bean and corn. Soils were analyzed for soil free (fPOM) and occluded (oPOM) particulate organic matter content, rate of hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate (FDA), arylsulfatase activity, microbial biomass C, and water-stable aggregation (WSA). Two months after amendment, all amendments (except the low rate of manure) reduced the severity of DO 30%, bean root rot 29%, and corn root rot 67%. Twelve months after amendment, amended soils were no longer suppressive. All amendments were suppressive after re-amendment the following year and no longer suppressive 6 mo later. In Year 1, significant suppression was observed across all diseases when fPOM content was ≥12.1 g cm^-3, FDA activity was ≥2.88 μg FDA min^-1 g^-1 dry wt, and microbial biomass was ≥91.6 μg C g^-1 dry wt, and these levels were proposed as suppressive thresholds. Only the FDA threshold held up over all sampling times.

Revue / Journal Title

Soil Science Society of America journal   ISSN 0361-5995   CODEN SSSJD4 

Source / Source

2006, vol. 70, n^o2, pp. 347-358 [12 page(s) (article)] (44 ref.)

Langue / Language

Anglais

Editeur / Publisher

Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, ETATS-UNIS  (1976) (Revue)

Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords

Soil biology ; Plant pathology ; Soil science ; Pest and disease control ; Vegetable crop ; Thallophyta ; Monocotyledones ; Gramineae ; Leguminosae ; Spermatophyta ; Angiospermae ; Dicotyledones ; Cucurbitaceae ; Soilborne organisms ; Soilborne transmission ; Organic matter ; Fungi ; Zea mays var. saccharata ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; Cucumis sativus ; Cultivated soil ; Soil quality ; Plant pathogen ; Impact study ; Organic fertilizer ; Compost ;

Mots-clés français / French Keywords

Biologie du sol ; Phytopathologie ; Science du sol ; Lutte phytosanitaire ; Lutte par technique culturale ; Plante légumière ; Thallophyta ; Monocotyledones ; Gramineae ; Leguminosae ; Spermatophyta ; Angiospermae ; Dicotyledones ; Cucurbitaceae ; Organisme transmissible par le sol ; Transmission par sol ; Pythium arrhenomanes ; Pythium ; Pyrenochaeta terrestris ; Fusarium ; Drechslera ; Fonte semis ; Elevage sous produit ; Déchet organique ; Utilisation déchet ; Matière organique ; Fumier bovin ; Bovin laitier ; Mycose ; Fungi ; Zea mays var. saccharata ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; Cucumis sativus ; Essai biologique ; Propriété physique ; Activité biologique ; Caractéristique sol ; Suppressivité ; Efficacité traitement ; Sol cultivé ; Qualité sol ; Phytopathogène ; Etude impact ; Engrais organique ; Compost ; Fertilisation organique ; Amendement organique ; Aménagement sol ;

Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords

Biología del suelo ; Fitopatología ; Ciencia del suelo ; Lucha fitosanitaria ; Hortalizas (plantas) ; Thallophyta ; Monocotyledones ; Gramineae ; Leguminosae ; Spermatophyta ; Angiospermae ; Dicotyledones ; Cucurbitaceae ; Organismos transmitidos por suelo ; Materia orgánica ; Fungi ; Zea mays var. saccharata ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; Cucumis sativus ; Suelo cultivado ; Calidad suelo ; Fitopatógeno ; Estudio impacto ; Fertilizante orgánico ; Compost ;

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 6109, 35400015342596.0040