Titre du document / Document title

Cultivation of black truffle to promote reforestation and land-use stability

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

BONET J. A. ⁽¹⁾ ; FISCHER C. R. ⁽¹⁾ ; COLINAS C. ⁽¹⁾ ;

Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)

⁽¹⁾ Centre Tecnolôgic Forestal de Catalunya, Pujada del Seminari s/n, 25280 Solsona, ESPAGNE

Résumé / Abstract

Cultivation of black truffle, Tuber melanosporum Vitt., has become an important agricultural alternative in rural Mediterranean regions due to its success in relatively harsh conditions, its high market value and diminishing production in natural areas. In addition, truffle cultivation requires relatively low agricultural inputs, promotes reforestation and economic restoration of rural lands and land-use stability. However, there remain major issues regarding the management practices to ensure successful black truffle production. We therefore conducted an experiment to evaluate 3 levels of irrigation based on monthly water deficit and the effects of currently applied weed control systems and fertilization. Treatment effects were evaluated by examining the mycorrhizal status of out-planted 1-yr-old Quercus ilex L. seedlings and seedling growth parameters after 18 months in 3 distinct experimental truffle plantations located in the foothills of the Spanish Pyrenees. We found that replacing one-half of the water deficit of the driest month (moderate irrigation) promoted the proliferation of T. melanosporum mycorrhizae, while high irrigation reduced fine root production and truffle mycorrhizae. Glyphosate weed control improved seedling survival by up to 16% over control seedlings without jeopardizing truffle mycorrhizae in the first year. Fertilization did not improve seedling growth or influence its mycorrhizal status. We describe the persistent relationship between this ectomycorrhizal fungus and Q. ilex by quantifying old and new mycorrhizae and we discuss the ecological implications of the symbiosis.

Revue / Journal Title

Agronomy for sustainable development    ISSN 1774-0746 

Source / Source

2006, vol. 26, n^o1, pp. 69-76 [8 page(s) (article)] (44 ref.)

Langue / Language

Anglais

Editeur / Publisher

EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, FRANCE  (2005) (Revue)

Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords

Mountain ; Vegetables ; Mediterranean vegetation ; Hardwood forest tree ; Forestry ; Agriculture ; Symbiont ; Edible fungi ; Mycorrhiza ; Europe ; Spermatophyta ; Angiospermae ; Dicotyledones ; Fagaceae ; Thallophyta ; Fungi ; Ascomycetes ; Forestry development ; Xeric soils ; Irrigated farming ; Regional development ; Ectomycorrhiza ; Spain ; Mediterranean region ; Pyrenees ; Quercus ilex ; Tuber melanosporum ; Cultural practice ; Cropping system ; Stability ; Land use ; Afforestation ;

Mots-clés français / French Keywords

Montagne ; Légume ; Symbiose ; Plant végétal ; Végétation méditerranéenne ; Plante ligneuse ; Arbre forestier ; Arbre forestier feuillu ; Aménagement sol ; Aménagement hydraulique ; Foresterie ; Agriculture ; Symbionte ; Champignon comestible ; Mycorhize ; Europe ; Spermatophyta ; Angiospermae ; Dicotyledones ; Fagaceae ; Thallophyta ; Fungi ; Ascomycetes ; Développement forestier ; Sol de région sèche ; Culture irriguée ; Truffière ; Catalogne ; Lleida ; Province Lerida ; Développement régional ; Ectomycorhize ; Déficit hydrique ; Croissance ; Mise en valeur ; Friche ; Sol agricole ; Zone rurale ; Espagne ; Région méditerranéenne ; Pyrénées ; Herbicide ; Désherbage chimique ; Etablissement culture ; Plant semis ; Peuplement forestier artificiel ; Quercus ilex ; Tuber melanosporum ; Irrigation ; Fertilisation minérale ; Technique culturale ; Système culture ; Stabilité ; Occupation sol ; Reboisement ; Développement agricole ; Agriculture alternative ;

Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords

Montaña ; Hortalizas ; Vegetación mediterránea ; Arbol forestal frondoso ; Ciencias forestales ; Agricultura ; Simbionte ; Seta comestible ; Micorriza ; Europa ; Spermatophyta ; Angiospermae ; Dicotyledones ; Fagaceae ; Thallophyta ; Fungi ; Ascomycetes ; Desarollo forestal ; Suelo xerico ; Agricultura de regadío ; Desarrollo regional ; Ectomicorriza ; España ; Región mediterránea ; Pirineos ; Quercus ilex ; Tuber melanosporum ; Técnica cultivo ; Sistema cultural ; Estabilidad ; Ocupación terreno ; Reforestación ;

Mots-clés d'auteur / Author Keywords

agricultural alternative ; omycorrhiza / Quercus ilex / water deficit ;

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 18476, 35400013462719.0090