Titre du document / Document title

Temporal changes in postural sway caused by ultrashort-acting hypnotics: Triazolam and zolpidem

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

NAKAMURA M. ⁽¹⁾ ; ISHII M. ⁽²⁾ ; NIWA Y. ⁽²⁾ ; YAMAZAKI M. ⁽²⁾ ; ITO H. ⁽³⁾ ;

Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)

⁽¹⁾ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JAPON
⁽²⁾ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Koseinenkin Hospital, Tokyo, JAPON
⁽³⁾ Department of Neurology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JAPON

Résumé / Abstract

Two ultrashort-acting hypnotics, triazolam 0.25 mg and zolpidem 10 mg, were studied for their effects on equilibrium function in humans. Eight healthy male subjects participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study after informed consent. They subjected to static equilibrium tests, oculomotor tests and an assay of drug concentrations in the blood. Zolpidem was statistically significant in postural sway in tandem stance test, as defined by parametric values of tracing sum length and polygonal area of foot pressure center measured by a gait analysis system. In the tandem stance test, triazolam was statistically significant in postural sway only as defined by the polygonal area. However, in the Romberg test, the only statistically significant difference in zolpidem use was observed in polygonal area values. Blood concentrations of triazolam and zolpidem were found to closely correlate with the extent of postural sway in both tandem stance and Romberg tests. In this study, zolpidem with minimal muscle-relaxant effect incurred imbalance more extensively than triazolam, which is known for its effect of muscle relaxation. In addition, gaze deviation nystagmus was observed only in zolpidem use in 5 of 8 subjects (62.5%). From these results, it is suggested that in the use of hypnotics, sway derives from the suppression of the central nervous system relevant to awakening rather than from muscle relaxation. The prior reference to blood concentrations of hypnotics should help improve safety care in minimizing loss of balance control and possible fall.

Revue / Journal Title

ORL   ISSN 0301-1569   CODEN ORLJAH 

Source / Source

2005, vol. 67, n^o2, pp. 106-112 [7 page(s) (article)] (25 ref.)

Langue / Language

Anglais

Editeur / Publisher

Karger, Basel, SUISSE  (1972) (Revue)

Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords

Gabaergic agonist ; Gabaergic receptor A ; Agonist ; Benzodiazepine derivatives ; Sedative ; ENT ; Posture ; Motion ; Experimental study ; Hypnotic ; Zolpidem ; Triazolam ;

Mots-clés français / French Keywords

Imidazopyridine dérivé ; Stimulant gabaergique ; Récepteur gabaergique A ; Agoniste ; Benzodiazépine dérivé ; Equilibre statique ; Sédatif ; ORL ; Posture ; Mouvement ; Etude expérimentale ; Hypnotique ; Zolpidem ; Triazolam ;

Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords

Estimulante gabaérgico ; Receptor gabaminérgico A ; Agonista ; Benzodiazepina derivado ; Sedante ; ORL ; Postura ; Movimiento ; Estudio experimental ; Hipnótico ; Zolpidem ; Triazolam ;

Mots-clés d'auteur / Author Keywords

Zolpidem ; Triazolam ; Sway ; Static equilibrium tests ; Blood concentrations ;

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 4904, 35400012454667.0090