Titre du document / Document title

Análisis farmacocinético/farmacodinàmico (PK/PD) de la antibioterapia en odontoestomatologia = Pharmacokinetidpharmacodynamic analysis of antibiotic therapy in dentistry and stomatology

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

ISLA Arantxazu ; CANUT Andrés ; RODRIGUEZ-GASON Alicia ; LABORA Alicia ; ARDANZA-TREVIJANO Bruno ; SOLINIS Maia Angeles ; PEDRAZ José Luis ;

Résumé / Abstract

INTRODUCTION. This study evaluates the efficacy of various antimicrobial treatments for orofacial infections on the basis of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) criteria. METHODS. A complete a literature search was undertaken to establish the MIC⁹⁰ values of the five microorganisms most frequently isolated in odontogenic infections and the pharmacokinetic parameters of 13 antibiotics used in these infections. Pharmacokinetic simulations were then carried out with mean population parameters and efficacy indexes were calculated for the 47 treatment regimens analyzed. For drugs showing time-dependent antibacterial killing, the time above MIC (t > MIC) was calculated. For drugs with concentration-dependent bactericidal activity, the AUC/MIC was calculated. RESULTS. Amoxicillin-clavulanic (500 mg/8 h or 1000 mg/12 h) and clindamycin (300 mg/6 h) in the time-dependant killing group and moxifloxacin (400 mg/24 h) in the concentration-dependant group showed adequate efficacy indexes against the five pathogens considered to be the most commonly implicated in odontogenic infections. The spiramycin plus metronidazole combination, present in the commercial formulation Rhodogyl®, did not reach satisfactory PK/PD indexes. CONCLUSION. PK/PD indexes, which are useful predictors of the potential efficacy of antibacterial therapy, were used with ontogenic infections in the present study. The PK/PD simulations showed that amoxicillin-clavulanic, clindamycin and moxifloxacin were the most suitable antibiotics for this kind of infection. Clinical trials are required to confirm that this methodology is useful in these pathologic processes.

Revue / Journal Title

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica   ISSN 0213-005X 

Source / Source

2005, vol. 23, n^o3, pp. 116-121 [6 page(s) (article)]

Langue / Language

Espagnol

Editeur / Publisher

Doyma, Barcelona, ESPAGNE  (1984) (Revue)

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 27361, 35400012940830.0010