Titre du document / Document title
Concussion in professional football: Injuries involving 7 or more days out. Part 5. Comment
Auteur(s) / Author(s)
PELLMAN Elliot J. (1 2) ;
VIANO David C. (1 3) ;
CASSON Ira R. (1 4 5 6) ;
ARFKEN Cynthia (1 7) ;
POWELL John (1 8) ;
MAROON Joseph C. (Commentateur)
;
COLELLO Michael A. (Commentateur)
(9) ;
ROMANO Russ (Commentateur)
(10) ;
GUSKIEWICZ Kevin M. (Commentateur)
(11) ;
Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)
(1) Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Committee, National Football League, New York, New York, ETATS-UNIS
(2) ProHEALT Care Associates LLP, Lake Success, New York, ETATS-UNIS
(3) ProBiomechanics LLC, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, ETATS-UNIS
(4) Department of Neurology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, ETATS-UNIS
(5) Department of Neurology, New York University Medical Center, New York, ETATS-UNIS
(6) Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bornx, New York, ETATS-UNIS
(7) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Center for Health Effectiveness Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, ETATS-UNIS
(8) Departments of Kinesiology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan, ETATS-UNIS
(9) Head Athletic Trainer, Cleveland Browns, Cleveland, Ohio, ETATS-UNIS
(10) University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, ETATS-UNIS
(11) Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, ETATS-UNIS
Résumé / Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A 6-year study was conducted to determine the signs, symptoms, and outcome of concussions with 7 or more (7+) days out from play or extended postconcussion recovery in the National Football League (NFL). METHODS: From 1996 to 2001, reporting of concussion was performed by NFL teams using a special standardized reporting form fillet out by team physicians. Signs and symptoms were grouped by general symptoms, somatic complaints, cranial nerve effects, cognition problems, memory problems, and unconsciousness, Medical action taken and management were recorded. In all, 887 concussions were reported in practices and games. RESULTS: There were 72 concussions (8.1%) involving 7+ days out from play. The highest frequency occurred in quarterbacks (14.8%), the retum unit on special teams (1.8%), and secondary (10.8%). Quarterbacks had the highest odds ratin (OR) of 7+ days out with concussion (OR = 2.10, P = 0.049), whereas running backs had the lowest relative risk (OR = 0.13, P = 0.021). The greatest fraction of 7 + days out occurred in passing plays (36.1 %) and kickoffs (22.2%). Many signs and Symptoms occurred at a greater frequency on initial examination in players 7+ days out; the average number per player was 4.64 with 7+ days out versus 2.58 with fewer days out (t = 6.02, df = 77.1). The signs and symptoms with the highest incidence for 7 + days out were disorientation to time (X
2 = 51.2, P = 001), retrograde amoesia (X
2= 32.2, P = 0.001), fatigue (X
2 = 28.1, P = 0.001), and the general category of cognition problems (X
2 = 21.7, P = 0.001). Loss of consciousness for more than 1 minute was a predictor of 7+ days out (X
2 = 33.5, P = 0.001), although occurred in only 7.9% of cases. Of players with 7+ days out, 72.2% were removed from the game and 12.5% were hospitalized. These frequencies were significantly greater than for players with fewer than 7 days out (X
2 = 68.03, df= 3, P < 0.0001). Approximately 90% of players were managed by rest, irrespective of days out, but a greater fraction were given drug or medical therapies with prolonged days out. CONCLUSION: The most vulnerable players for 7+ days out with concussion were quarterbacks and the secondary in protessional football. Although 8.1% of concussions involved 7+ days out, only 1.6% involved a prolonged postconcussion syndrome. They recovered from symptoms and had a consistent return to play in the NFL.
Revue / Journal Title
Neurosurgery
ISSN
0148-396X
CODEN NRSRDY
Source / Source
2004, vol. 55, n
o5, pp. 1100-1119 [20 page(s) (article)] (54 ref.)
Langue / Language
Anglais
Editeur / Publisher
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Hagerstown, MD, ETATS-UNIS
(1977)
(Revue)
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Localisation / Location
INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 18396, 35400012253325.0100
Nº notice refdoc (ud4) : 16235438
