Titre du document / Document title

Characterizing perceptual learning with external noise

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

GOLD Jason M. ⁽¹⁾ ; SEKULER Allison B. ⁽²⁾ ; BENNETT Partrick J. ⁽²⁾ ;

Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)

⁽¹⁾ Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, ETATS-UNIS
⁽²⁾ Department of Psychology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont, CANADA

Résumé / Abstract

Performance in perceptual tasks often improves with practice. This effect is known as 'perceptual learning,' and it has been the source of a great deal of interest and debate over the course of the last century. Here, we consider the effects of perceptual learning within the context of signal detection theory. According to signal detection theory, the improvements that take place with perceptual learning can be due to increases in internal signal strength or decreases in internal noise. We used a combination of psychophysical techniques (external noise masking and double-pass response consistency) that involve corrupting stimuli with externally added noise to discriminate between the effects of changes in signal and noise as observers learned to identify sets of unfamiliar visual patterns. Although practice reduced thresholds by as much as a factor of 14, internal noise remained virtually fixed throughout training, indicating learning served to predominantly increase the strength of the internal signal. We further examined the specific nature of the changes that took place in signal strength by correlating the externally added noise with observer's decisions across trials (response classification). This technique allowed us to visualize some of the changes that took place in the linear templates used by the observers as learning occurred, as well as test the predictions of a linear template-matching model. Taken together, the results of our experiments offer important new theoretical constraints on models of perceptual learning.

Revue / Journal Title

Cognitive science   ISSN 0364-0213   CODEN COGSD5 

Source / Source

2004, vol. 28, n^o 2 (162 p.)  [Document : 41 p.] (4 p.1/4), pp. 167-207 [41 page(s) (article)]

Langue / Language

Anglais

Editeur / Publisher

Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ, ETATS-UNIS  (1977) (Revue)

Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords

Human ; Cognition ; Perception ; Acquisition process ; Experimental study ; Noise ; Psychophysics ; Signal detection ; Vision ; Perceptive learning ;

Mots-clés français / French Keywords

Homme ; Cognition ; Perception ; Processus acquisition ; Etude expérimentale ; Bruit ; Psychophysique ; Détection signal ; Vision ; Apprentissage perceptif ;

Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords

Hombre ; Cognición ; Percepción ; Proceso adquisición ; Estudio experimental ; Ruido ; Psicofísica ; Detección señal ; Visión ; Aprendizaje perceptivo ;

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 18050, 35400011025823.0030