Titre du document / Document title

Characterizing the subjective, psychomotor, and physiological effects of a hydrocodone combination product (Hycodan) in non-drug-abusing volunteers

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

ZACNY James P. ⁽¹⁾ ;

Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)

⁽¹⁾ Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care/MC4028, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, ETATS-UNIS

Résumé / Abstract

Rationale: The subjective, psychomotor, and physiological effects of prescription compounds containing the opioid hydrocodone have not been studied in a population of non-drug-abusing people who might be prescribed these compounds for cough or pain relief. Objectives: To characterize the effects of a hydrocodone combination product, Hycodan, which contains hydrocodone and a peripherally-acting anticholinergic, homatropine, in non-drug-abusing volunteers. Methods: Eighteen volunteers participated in a crossover, double-blind study in which they received placebo; 5 mg hydrocodone/1.5 mg homatropine, 10 mg hydrocodone/3 mg homatropine, 20 mg hydrocodone/6 mg homatropine (all PO); 40 mg morphine (PO); and 2 mg lorazepam (PO). Measures were assessed before and for 300 min after drug administration. End-of-session and 24-h measures were taken to assess residual drug effects and overall subjects' assessment of the drug effects. Results: Subjective effects of the hydrocodone/homatropine combination were dose-related, although the majority of statistically significant effects were limited to the highest dose combination tested. A combination of 20 mg hydrocodone/6 mg homatropine and morphine had a similar profile of subjective effects, which included both pleasant and unpleasant effects. Peak liking ratings were increased by 20 mg hydrocodone/6 mg homatropine and morphine, and trough ratings of liking (dislike) were lower in the 20 mg hydrocodone/6 mg homatropine condition, relative to the placebo condition. Post-session ratings of overall liking were not significant, either at the end of the session or 24 h later. Cognitive and psychomotor impairment were more marked with lorazepam than with hydrocodone/homatropine and morphine. Miosis and exophoria were increased in a dose-related manner by hydrocodone/homatropine. Conclusions: Hycodan at the highest dose tested had effects similar to that of a prototypic mu agonist, morphine. Both drugs produced pleasant (including drug liking) as well as unpleasant subjective effects. Post-session ratings of overall liking and want to take drug again were not significant.

Revue / Journal Title

Psychopharmacologia   ISSN 0033-3158   CODEN PSYPAG 

Source / Source

2003, vol. 165, n^o2, pp. 146-156 [11 page(s) (article)] (1 p.1/4)

Langue / Language

Anglais

Editeur / Publisher

Springer, Berlin, ALLEMAGNE  (1959) (Revue)

Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords

Cognition ; Psychomotricity ; μ Opioid receptor ; Benzodiazepine derivatives ; Opiates ; Physiology ; Performance ; Analgesic ; Antitussive agent ; Psychotropic ; Sedative ; Drug combination ; Morphine ; Dose activity relation ; Controlled therapeutic trial ; Oral administration ; Healthy subject ; Human ; Toxicity ; Biological activity ; Lorazepam ; Homatropine methylbromide ; Hydrocodone ;

Mots-clés français / French Keywords

Cognition ; Psychomotricité ; Récepteur opiacé μ ; Benzodiazépine dérivé ; Opiacés ; Physiologie ; Performance ; Analgésique ; Antitussif ; Psychotrope ; Sédatif ; Association médicamenteuse ; Morphine ; Relation dose réponse ; Essai thérapeutique contrôlé ; Voie orale ; Individu sain ; Homme ; Toxicité ; Activité biologique ; Lorazépam ; Méthylbromure d'homatropine ; Hydrocodone ;

Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords

Cognición ; Psicomotricidad ; Receptor opiáceo μ ; Benzodiazepina derivado ; Opiados ; Fisiología ; Rendimiento ; Analgésico ; Antitusivo ; Psicotropo ; Sedante ; Asociación medicamentosa ; Morfina ; Relación dosis respuesta ; Ensayo terapéutico controlado ; Vía oral ; Individuo sano ; Hombre ; Toxicidad ; Actividad biológica ; Lorazepam ; Metilbromuro de homatropina ; Hidrocodona ;

Mots-clés d'auteur / Author Keywords

Opioid ; Hydrocodone ; Subjective ; Abuse liability ; Human ;

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 1761, 35400011072148.0060