Titre du document / Document title
Population dynamics of tule elk at Point Reyes National Seashore, California
Auteur(s) / Author(s)
HOWELL Judd A. (1) ;
BROOKS George C. (2) ;
SEMENOFF-IRVING Marcia (2) ;
GREENE Correigh (3) ;
Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)
(1) U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, 7801 Folsom Boulevard, Suite 101, Sacramento, CA 95826, ETATS-UNIS
(2) U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Golden Gate Field Station, Fort Cronkhite, Building 1063, Sausalito, CA 94965, ETATS-UNIS
(3) Section in Evolution and Ecology, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, ETATS-UNIS
Résumé / Abstract
The presence of locally abundant wildlife raises questions about natural regulation and ecological consequences of overpopulation. We sought to establish precise information about population size, structure, and productivity to examine the role of natural regulation in a closed tule elk (Cervus elaphus nannodes) population at Point Reyes National Seashore, California, USA. We estimated an instantaneous exponential growth rate of 0.19 with an adjusted R
2 = 0.98 during 1998, 20 years after the elk were introduced. We estimated annual survival for adult cows of nearly 0.95. Calf survival from birth through the rut ending during October-November was 0.85. Male calves exhibited higher mortality than female calves. Cow mortality was associated with the calving season. We measured a 42% increase in cow:calf density from 0.733 ha
-1 to 1.043 ha
-1 during 1996-1998. We observed a density-correlated reduction in the rate of increase and in the cow:calf ratios prior to high precipitation El Niño Southern Oscillation years, 1993, 1996, and 1997, precipitation >1.23 m year
-1. Given the high population growth rate and model evaluation of management scenarios, park managers will need to use a suite of approaches, such as contraception and removal, to maintain the elk population at levels at or near the closed-range carrying capacity for years between El Niño events.
Revue / Journal Title
The Journal of wildlife management
ISSN
0022-541X
CODEN JWMAA9
Source / Source
2002, vol. 66, n
o2, pp. 478-490 (28 ref.)
Langue / Language
Anglais
Editeur / Publisher
Wildlife Society, Bethesda, MD, ETATS-UNIS
(1937)
(Revue)
Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords
Cervidae ;
Vertebrata ;
Mammalia ;
Ungulata ;
Artiodactyla ;
Environmental factor ;
Population survey ;
America ;
North America ;
United States ;
Point Reyes ;
Cervus elaphus ;
California ;
National park ;
Population management ;
Habitat ;
Spatial distribution ;
Population regulation ;
Mortality ;
Population dynamics ;
Population growth ;
Population structure ;
Population number ;
Mots-clés français / French Keywords
Cervidae ;
Vertebrata ;
Mammalia ;
Ungulata ;
Artiodactyla ;
Facteur milieu ;
Surveillance population ;
Amérique ;
Amérique du Nord ;
Etats Unis ;
Point Reyes ;
Cervus elaphus ;
Californie ;
Parc national ;
Gestion population ;
Habitat ;
Répartition spatiale ;
Régulation naturelle population ;
Mortalité ;
Dynamique population ;
Accroissement population ;
Structure population ;
Effectif population ;
Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords
Cervidae ;
Vertebrata ;
Mammalia ;
Ungulata ;
Artiodactyla ;
Factor medio ;
Vigilancia población ;
America ;
America del norte ;
Estados Unidos ;
Cervus elaphus ;
California ;
Parque nacional ;
Gestión población ;
Habitat ;
Distribución espacial ;
Regulación natural población ;
Mortalidad ;
Dinámica población ;
Población crecimiento ;
Estructura población ;
Recuento población ;
Localisation / Location
INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 3369, 35400010071182.0240
Nº notice refdoc (ud4) : 14187247
