Titre du document / Document title

Comparison of new topical treatments for herpes labialis : Efficacy of Penciclovir cream, acyclovir cream, and n-docosanol cream against experimental cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 infection

Auteur(s) / Author(s)

MCKEOUGH Mark B. ⁽¹⁾ ; SPRUANCE Spotswood L. ^{(1 2 3)} ;

Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)

⁽¹⁾ Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, ETATS-UNIS
⁽²⁾ Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, ETATS-UNIS
⁽³⁾ Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, ETATS-UNIS

Résumé / Abstract

Background: There are 3 new topical treatments for herpes labialis that have either been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (penciclovir cream [Denavir] and n-docosanol cream [Abreva]) or recently undergone extensive clinical evaluation (acyclovir cream). The relative efficacy of these products is unknown. Objective: To compare the efficacy of penciclovir cream acyclovir cream, n-docosanol cream, and acyclovir ointment in an experimental animal model of cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) disease. Design: The backs of guinea pigs were infected with HSV-1 using a vaccination instrument. Active treatments and corresponding vehicle controls were applied for 3 to 5 days beginning 24 hours after inoculation. Main Outcome Measures: After completion of treatment, the animals were killed and the severity of the infection assessed from the number of lesions, the total lesion area, and the lesion virus titer. Results: Penciclovir cream effected modest reductions in lesion number (19%), area (38%), and virus titer (88%) compared with its vehicle control, and each of these differences was significantly greater (P<.05) than the reductions effected by acyclovir ointment (0%, 21%, and 75%, respectively). The acyclovir cream effect (reductions of 4%, 28%, and 77%, respectively) was less than that of penciclovir cream, and this difference was confirmed by 2 additional head-to-head experiments. Two experiments with n-docosanol cream failed to show statistically significant differences by any parameter between n-docasonol cream and vehicle control-treated sites or between n-docosanol and untreated infection sites. Conclusions: In this model, the efficacy of penciclovir cream was greater than acyclovir cream, acyclovir cream was greater than or equal to acyclovir ointment, and acyclovir ointment was greater than n-docosanol cream. Since our model was designed to evaluate compounds that function primarily through antiviral activity, the negative findings with n-docosanol in these studies do not exclude that it might work clinically through other mechanisms.

Revue / Journal Title

Archives of dermatology   ISSN 0003-987X   CODEN ARDEAC 

Source / Source

2001, vol. 137, n^o9, pp. 1153-1158 (27 ref.)

Langue / Language

Anglais

Editeur / Publisher

American Medical Association, Chicago, IL, ETATS-UNIS  (1960) (Revue)

Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords

Skin disease ; Virus ; Herpesviridae ; Alphaherpesvirinae ; Infection ; Viral disease ; Purine nucleoside ; Acyclic nucleoside ; Herpesvirus hominis 1 ; Skin ; Human ; Percutaneous route ; Antiviral ; Lip ; Herpes ; Aciclovir ; Local administration ; Comparative study ; Penciclovir ;

Mots-clés français / French Keywords

Peau pathologie ; Virus ; Herpesviridae ; Alphaherpesvirinae ; Infection ; Virose ; Docosanol ; Purine nucléoside ; Nucléoside acyclique ; Herpesvirus hominis 1 ; Peau ; Homme ; Voie percutanée ; Antiviral ; Lèvre ; Herpès ; Aciclovir ; Voie locale ; Etude comparative ; Penciclovir ;

Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords

Piel patología ; Virus ; Herpesviridae ; Alphaherpesvirinae ; Infección ; Virosis ; Purina nucleósido ; Nucleósido acíclico ; Herpesvirus hominis 1 ; Piel ; Hombre ; Vía percutánea ; Antiviral ; Labio ; Herpes ; Aciclovir ; Vía local ; Estudio comparativo ; Penciclovir ;

Localisation / Location

INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 2056, 35400009947798.0020